Jagran Josh
(i) Introduction to the five streams in Home Science and how they integrate to form a meaningful whole.
Understanding that Home Science is a field of Applied Sciences, made up of five streams, i.e. Foods & Nutrition, Resource Management, Human Development, Textiles & Clothing and Communication & Extension.
(ii) Significance of the study of Home Science in different spheres of life.
An understanding that Home Science is a multi-disciplinary subject which helps in the development of life skills to deal with various situations in different spheres of life.
(i) Food and its functions. Basic Cookery Terms. Health benefits of common food items.
Definition of: food, nutrient, nutrition, balanced diet, health, malnutrition and optimum nutrition. Functions of food: physiological, psychological and social functions.
Meaning of basic cookery terms: Cutting, chopping, grating, kneading, beating, peeling, stringing julienne, mashing, cut and fold in, blending, dusting.
Health benefits of common food items – to be done briefly:
• Herbs: Mint, coriander, celery, basil, curry leaves, saffron, thyme, lemon grass;
• Spices: cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, turmeric, fenugreek, cumin, fennel, carrom, asafoetida, ginger, garlic.
(ii) Nutrients and their functions. Deficiency diseases.
Classification of nutrients according to their sources and functions:
(a) Energy giving: Fats and carbohydrates;
(b) Body building: Proteins and minerals;
(c) Protective: Vitamins (A, D, E and K, Vitamin B -Thiamine, Riboflavin and Niacin and Vitamin C); Minerals (calcium, iron and iodine);
(d) Regulatory: Water and roughage.
Deficiency diseases associated with the above nutrients.
(i) Principles of development; milestones of development.
Meaning of the terms growth and development; the difference between growth and development. Principles of development. Meaning of developmental milestones; Milestones of development: meaning and characteristics of physical, motor, social, emotional, cognitive and language development.
(ii) Role and importance of play and play-school during early childhood.
The role of play with emphasis on holistic growth of the child. Considerations in choosing the kind of play (indoor/outdoor), play materials (indoor/ outdoor); types of play: constructive, fantasy, solitary, cooperative, creative: meaning only; types of play schools: Montessori, nursery, kindergarten – meaning only.
(iii)Diseases and their prevention.
Common childhood diseases (0-5 years): Tuberculosis, mumps, measles, chickenpox, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, rubella, polio: names only and associated vaccines; Definition and importance of immunisation.
(i) Colour and its application in the Home.
Dimensions of colour – hue, value and intensity. Prang colour wheel (primary, secondary and tertiary colours); neutral, warm cool and metallic colours. Colour schemes: related (monochromatic/one hue colour, analogous /adjacent), contrasting (complementary, double complementary, split complementary, triad and tetrad) colour schemes and their applications in the home – drawing/living room, bed room, dining room and kitchen.
(ii) Lighting in the Home.
Types of lighting (general and local or task, direct and indirect); sources of light: natural and artificial; choice of adequate lighting for different rooms.
(iii) Sustainable utilisation of Fuel and Energy in the Home.
Sustainable use of fuel and energy with emphasis on the need and methods for the conservation of cooking gas, water and electricity in the house.
(iv) Maintenance of Sanitation and Hygiene inside and outside the House
Role of sanitation and hygiene in the home and its environment;
Waste Management: Meaning of the term waste; basic concept of biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes with examples.
Importance of segregation of waste: sorting of waste into biodegradable / non-biodegradable, organic / non-organic, plastic, metal and e-waste at domestic and community level. Importance of the five Rs (reduce, refuse, reuse, recycle and reinvent) for environmental conservation
(i) Fibres: Properties and uses
Meaning of the term fibre; classification of fibres: natural, man-made and synthetic;
Natural fibres (cotton, silk and wool): brief idea of origin; man-made fibres (rayon: raw materials); synthetic fibres: nylon and polyester: raw materials;
Identification of fibres: microscopic appearance and burning tests. Properties of cotton, silk, wool, rayon, nylon, polyester and their uses.
(ii) Fabric structure: woven, non-woven and knitted.
Meaning of the terms yarn, warp, weft, selvedge, and fabric.
Woven fabrics: basic (plain and twill, satin, decorative (spot and pile – cut and uncut): construction method and end use;
Non-woven: e.g. felt;
Knitted (hand and machine): meaning and end use of non-woven and knitted.
Communication: meaning, functions and importance; elements of communication; interpersonal communication.
Meaning, functions and importance of communication; elements of communication (sender, message, medium, receiver, feedback: brief idea); the meaning of interpersonal communication; acquiring interpersonal communication skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing).
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